The articles that constitute the “Logic of Species” (Shu no Ronri), published between the 1930s and 1940s, became known as “Tanabe’s Philosophy” and reflect his efforts to deal philosophically with issues that afflicted Japan at war. It is an ontology of society. According to this logic, it is the negative mediation between the individuum (ko), the species (shu) and the genus (rui) that would explain society’s mode of being and its particular developments. In the “Logic”, a timeless orientation through which the individual seeks to particularize humanity’s general values is attributed to culture. On the other hand, politics is the constant change of the material mean’s property following power struggles. However, History cannot be explained only by the dialectics between culture and politics because a negative mediation is necessary to unite both: this is the nation as species.