
Manuel Rivera Espinoza
Manuel Rivera Espinoza is a FONDECYT Postdoctoral Researcher at the Institute of Aesthetics of the Faculty of Philosophy at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. Previously, he was a Postdoctoral Research Fellow in the Koselleck-Project “Histories of Philosophy in a Global Perspective” at the Institute of Philosophy at Hildesheim University. An expert in intercultural and comparative philosophy, intellectual history, and decolonial theory, with a particular focus on ancient Chinese thought, Manuel holds a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Macau (China). He has published articles and book reviews in various journals and has presented his research at numerous international conferences and workshops. Fluent in Spanish and English, with a working knowledge of classical Chinese, he is also an active member of several academic associations related to Asian studies.

The Improbable Sage: Towards a Latin American Reading of Ding the Cook in the Zhuangzi
This paper explores the contribution that the Zhuangzi can offer to the problem of socioeconomic inequality, understood as a defining characteristic of Latin American reality. I propose that the famous story of Pao Ding 庖丁 opens up perspectives for thinking about ways of addressing this reality. Following the interpretations of Romain Graziani (2005) and Hans-Georg Moeller (2020), I examine how the narrative subverts social and epistemic hierarchies by reversing the positions of ruler and cook: the nobleman appears as an ignorant disciple and the commoner as the possessor of knowledge. This subversion should not be understood as a “definitive solution,” but rather as a way of seeing that allows us to imagine the suspension—albeit poetic and momentary—of the hierarchies that structured ancient Chinese society, thus offering interpretive keys that are also useful for contemporary contexts marked by inequality, such as Latin America.
©2025 by The XI International Conference of Eastern Philosophy at Unicamp
Brazil-China Study Group
